Introduction
The 38 Super Auto and 38 ACP are two popular pistol calibers that have a rich history and a dedicated following among shooters. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the details of these cartridges, exploring their origins, performance, and suitability for various shooting disciplines. Whether you are a competitive shooter, a self-defense enthusiast, or simply curious about these rounds, this guide will provide you with all the information you need to make an informed decision. So, let’s dive into the world of the 38 Super Auto and 38 ACP!
Understanding the 38 Super Auto
History and Development
The 38 Super Auto, often simply referred to as 38 Super, was developed in the early 20th century as an improvement upon the earlier 38 ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol) cartridge. It was designed to offer higher velocities and better performance in semi-automatic pistols. The 38 Super gained popularity among competitive shooters and became a favorite for precision target shooting and practical pistol competitions.
Cartridge Specifications
- Caliber: 0.355 inches (9.02 mm)
- Case Length: 0.875 inches (22.23 mm)
- Overall Length: 1.285 inches (32.64 mm)
- Bullet Weights: Commonly available in 115, 124, 125, 130, 140, and 147 grains
- Powder Charge: Typically uses fast-burning pistol powders
Performance and Applications
The 38 Super Auto is known for its impressive velocity and flat trajectory, making it an excellent choice for long-range target shooting. Its high velocity and low recoil make it a preferred round for competition shooters, especially in disciplines like IPSC (International Practical Shooting Confederation) and USPSA (United States Practical Shooting Association). The 38 Super is also suitable for personal defense, offering good penetration and expansion characteristics.
Exploring the 38 ACP
A Vintage Round with Charm
The 38 ACP, or Automatic Colt Pistol, is a historic cartridge that dates back to the early 1900s. It was designed by John Moses Browning for use in the iconic Colt Model 1900 pistol. The 38 ACP has a dedicated following among collectors and enthusiasts who appreciate its vintage charm and unique characteristics.
Cartridge Specifications
- Caliber: 0.356 inches (9.04 mm)
- Case Length: 0.71 inches (18.03 mm)
- Overall Length: 1.12 inches (28.45 mm)
- Bullet Weights: Typically available in 130 and 135 grains
- Powder Charge: Uses slower-burning pistol powders
Performance and Uses
The 38 ACP is known for its manageable recoil and accuracy at shorter ranges. It is commonly used in vintage pistols and is favored by collectors for its historical significance. While it may not offer the same long-range performance as the 38 Super, it excels in close-quarters self-defense scenarios due to its controllable recoil and reliable feeding.
Comparing the 38 Super Auto and 38 ACP
Velocity and Trajectory
- 38 Super Auto: Known for its high velocity, the 38 Super can achieve speeds of over 1300 fps (feet per second) with lighter bullet weights. This results in a flat trajectory and excellent long-range performance.
- 38 ACP: The 38 ACP has a slightly lower velocity, typically ranging from 900 to 1100 fps. While it may not match the 38 Super’s long-range capabilities, it provides adequate performance for self-defense and close-quarters shooting.
Recoil and Handling
- 38 Super Auto: Due to its higher velocity, the 38 Super generates more recoil than the 38 ACP. However, modern pistols designed for the 38 Super often incorporate features like compensators and recoil-reducing mechanisms to mitigate the felt recoil.
- 38 ACP: The 38 ACP is known for its mild recoil, making it a popular choice for shooters who prefer a soft-shooting pistol. This characteristic also makes it suitable for shooters with less experience or those who are recoil-sensitive.
Ammunition Availability
- 38 Super Auto: The 38 Super has a wide range of ammunition options available, including various bullet weights and types. You can find loadings optimized for competition, self-defense, and target shooting.
- 38 ACP: While the 38 ACP is less common than the 38 Super, it still has a dedicated following and a good selection of ammunition. However, the variety of bullet weights and types may be more limited compared to the 38 Super.
Choosing the Right Cartridge for Your Needs
Competition Shooting
If you are an avid competitor in disciplines like IPSC or USPSA, the 38 Super Auto is an excellent choice. Its high velocity and flat trajectory allow for precise and accurate shooting at various distances. The availability of specialized competition loads further enhances its performance in this arena.
Self-Defense and Concealed Carry
For self-defense and concealed carry purposes, both cartridges have their merits. The 38 Super offers excellent penetration and expansion characteristics, making it a reliable choice for personal protection. However, the 38 ACP’s milder recoil and controllability make it a preferred option for shooters who prioritize ease of use and quick follow-up shots.
Vintage Pistol Enthusiasts
Collectors and enthusiasts of vintage pistols will undoubtedly appreciate the 38 ACP. Its historical significance and unique characteristics make it a sought-after cartridge for those who appreciate the craftsmanship and design of early 20th-century firearms.
Loading and Reloading Considerations
38 Super Auto
- Powder Choice: Due to its higher velocity, the 38 Super typically requires faster-burning pistol powders. These powders ensure a complete burn and maintain the desired pressure levels.
- Bullet Selection: The 38 Super offers a wide range of bullet weights and types, allowing shooters to customize their loads for specific purposes. From lightweight competition bullets to heavy-for-caliber defense rounds, there is a bullet to suit every need.
38 ACP
- Powder Selection: The 38 ACP, with its lower velocity, can be loaded with slower-burning pistol powders. This provides more flexibility in terms of powder choice and allows for accurate and consistent reloading.
- Bullet Availability: While the 38 ACP may have a more limited selection of bullet weights and types, there are still options available for those who wish to reload their own ammunition.
Conclusion
In the world of pistol cartridges, the 38 Super Auto and 38 ACP offer distinct advantages and appeal to different shooting disciplines and preferences. The 38 Super, with its high velocity and flat trajectory, is a top choice for competitive shooters and those seeking long-range precision. On the other hand, the 38 ACP, with its vintage charm and mild recoil, caters to collectors and shooters who prioritize controllability and historical significance. Ultimately, the choice between these two cartridges depends on your specific needs, shooting style, and personal preferences.
FAQ
Can I use 38 Super Auto ammunition in a 38 ACP pistol?
+No, it is not recommended to use 38 Super Auto ammunition in a 38 ACP pistol. The 38 Super Auto has a longer case and higher pressure, which can lead to dangerous chamber pressures and potential firearm damage.
Are there any handguns specifically designed for the 38 Super Auto cartridge?
+Yes, several handgun manufacturers offer pistols specifically chambered for the 38 Super Auto. These pistols are often designed with competition shooting in mind and feature features like compensators and high-capacity magazines.
What are the common uses of the 38 ACP cartridge today?
+The 38 ACP is primarily used by collectors and enthusiasts of vintage pistols. Its mild recoil and historical significance make it a popular choice for those who appreciate the craftsmanship of early 20th-century firearms.
