Introduction

Welcome to the ultimate guide on 22 WMR ammunition, a versatile and powerful cartridge that has gained immense popularity among shooters and hunters alike. In this comprehensive primer, we will delve into the world of 22 WMR, exploring its history, performance, applications, and much more. Whether you are a seasoned shooter or a novice exploring the vast array of ammunition options, this guide will provide you with all the information you need to make informed decisions. So, let’s begin our journey into the realm of 22 WMR!

A Brief History of 22 WMR

22 WMR (Winchester Magnum Rimfire) is a rimfire cartridge that has a rich history dating back to the mid-20th century. It was introduced by Winchester in 1959 as an attempt to create a more powerful and effective round for small game hunting and target shooting. The development of 22 WMR aimed to bridge the gap between the traditional 22 Long Rifle and more potent centerfire cartridges.

Winchester’s engineers sought to enhance the performance of the 22 caliber by increasing the case length and improving the powder charge. This resulted in a cartridge that offered higher velocities, increased energy, and better accuracy compared to its predecessors. The 22 WMR quickly gained recognition for its ability to deliver accurate and effective shots at longer ranges, making it a favorite among hunters and shooters.

Understanding the 22 WMR Cartridge

The 22 WMR cartridge is a rimfire design, which means that it is ignited by striking the rim of the case rather than a primer located in the center. This unique feature sets it apart from centerfire cartridges and contributes to its reliability and simplicity. The cartridge typically measures 1.75 inches (44.5 mm) in overall length and is compatible with a wide range of firearms, including rifles, pistols, and revolvers.

Cartridge Specifications:

• Caliber: 22 (0.224 inches)
• Case Length: 1.39 inches (35.3 mm)
• Rim Diameter: 0.375 inches (9.5 mm)
• Bullet Weights: Typically ranges from 30 to 60 grains

Common Bullet Types:

• Lead Round Nose (LRN): A traditional bullet design offering accuracy and reliable performance.
• Hollow Point (HP): Expanding bullets designed for controlled expansion and increased energy transfer.
• Full Metal Jacket (FMJ): Non-expanding bullets suitable for target shooting and plinking.
• Varmint Bullets: Specialized bullets optimized for small game hunting with increased penetration and expansion.

Performance and Ballistics

22 WMR ammunition is renowned for its impressive performance characteristics. The longer case and increased powder charge result in higher velocities and improved energy delivery compared to 22 Long Rifle ammunition. This makes 22 WMR an excellent choice for small game hunting, pest control, and long-range target shooting.

Ballistic Performance:

• Muzzle Velocity: Varies depending on bullet weight and manufacturer, typically ranging from 1,800 to 2,200 fps.
• Muzzle Energy: Offers significantly higher energy than 22 LR, often exceeding 300 ft-lbs.
• Trajectory: Flat trajectory, allowing for accurate shots at longer distances.
• Accuracy: Known for its precision and consistency, making it a preferred choice for competitive shooters.

Applications of 22 WMR

The versatility of 22 WMR ammunition makes it suitable for a wide range of applications. Here are some of the most common uses:

Small Game Hunting:

22 WMR is an excellent choice for hunting small game such as squirrels, rabbits, and coyotes. Its accuracy and energy delivery make it a reliable tool for taking down these fast-moving targets. The flat trajectory and minimal recoil also contribute to a more enjoyable hunting experience.

Varmint Control:

Farmers and landowners often rely on 22 WMR for varmint control. The cartridge’s effectiveness and precision make it ideal for eliminating pests like groundhogs, prairie dogs, and other nuisance animals. Its quiet report also makes it suitable for use in areas where noise pollution is a concern.

Target Shooting and Plinking:

22 WMR is a popular choice for target shooting and plinking due to its affordability and accuracy. Shooters can enjoy long hours of practice without breaking the bank. The low recoil and minimal noise make it an excellent option for beginners and those shooting in confined spaces.

Self-Defense:

While not as common as other calibers, 22 WMR can be used for self-defense purposes. Its high velocity and energy make it an effective choice for close-range encounters. However, it is essential to choose the right ammunition and train with it to ensure effectiveness.

Choosing the Right 22 WMR Ammunition

With a vast array of 22 WMR ammunition options available, selecting the right one for your needs can be a daunting task. Here are some factors to consider:

Bullet Weight:

The weight of the bullet plays a significant role in determining the performance and application of the ammunition. Heavier bullets (50-60 grains) offer increased energy and penetration, making them suitable for hunting larger small game or varmints. Lighter bullets (30-40 grains) provide higher velocities and flatter trajectories, making them ideal for long-range target shooting.

Bullet Type:

The choice of bullet type depends on your intended use. For hunting, hollow point bullets are preferred for their controlled expansion and energy transfer. Lead round nose bullets are versatile and suitable for various applications, including target shooting and plinking. Full metal jacket bullets are best for target shooting and practice due to their consistent performance.

Manufacturer:

There are numerous reputable manufacturers of 22 WMR ammunition, each offering unique features and qualities. Some popular brands include CCI, Federal, Hornady, and Remington. It is essential to research and choose a reputable manufacturer that aligns with your needs and preferences.

Reloading 22 WMR

Reloading 22 WMR ammunition is a popular option for shooters who want to save costs and customize their loads. With the right equipment and knowledge, you can create your own 22 WMR ammunition tailored to your specific needs. Here are some key points to consider:

Equipment:

• Reloading Press: A single-stage or turret press is suitable for reloading 22 WMR.
• Dies: A set of 22 WMR reloading dies is essential for resizing and seating bullets.
• Scale: A precise scale is necessary to measure powder charges accurately.
• Powder Measure: A measure designed for rimfire cartridges is required.
• Primer Pocket Cleaner: Helps remove any debris from the primer pocket.

Steps for Reloading:

• Prepare the cases by cleaning and inspecting them for any defects.
• Resize the cases using the appropriate die.
• Measure and charge the powder accurately, following the manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Seat the chosen bullets into the cases, ensuring proper seating depth.
• Crimp the bullets to secure them in place.
• Check the overall length of the loaded cartridges and trim if necessary.

Safety and Handling

As with any firearm and ammunition, safety should always be a top priority. Here are some essential safety guidelines to follow when handling 22 WMR ammunition:

• Always treat firearms and ammunition with respect and follow the four fundamental rules of gun safety.
• Ensure that your firearm is in good working condition and regularly maintained.
• Store ammunition in a secure and controlled environment, away from children and unauthorized individuals.
• Handle ammunition with care, avoiding rough handling or exposure to extreme temperatures.
• Never mix different types or brands of ammunition, as this can lead to unpredictable results.
• Be mindful of your surroundings and always maintain a safe backstop when shooting.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I use 22 WMR in a 22 LR firearm? A: No, 22 WMR and 22 LR are not interchangeable. 22 WMR cartridges are longer and have a higher pressure, which makes them incompatible with 22 LR firearms. Using 22 WMR in a 22 LR firearm can result in serious damage or injury.

Q: Is 22 WMR more powerful than 22 LR? A: Yes, 22 WMR is significantly more powerful than 22 LR. It offers higher velocities, increased energy, and better performance at longer ranges. 22 WMR is designed for more demanding applications, such as hunting and long-range shooting.

Q: Can I reload 22 WMR cases multiple times? A: Yes, 22 WMR cases can be reloaded multiple times with proper care and maintenance. However, it is essential to inspect the cases for any signs of damage or wear before each reloading session. Discard any cases that show visible defects.

Q: Are there any specialized 22 WMR ammunition for hunting? A: Yes, several manufacturers offer specialized 22 WMR ammunition specifically designed for hunting. These rounds often feature hollow point bullets with controlled expansion and increased energy transfer, making them ideal for small game hunting.

Q: Can I use 22 WMR for self-defense? A: While 22 WMR can be used for self-defense, it is not the most common choice. Its effectiveness at close range is limited compared to other calibers. However, with the right ammunition and training, it can be a viable option for personal protection.

Conclusion

In this comprehensive guide, we have explored the world of 22 WMR ammunition, uncovering its history, performance, and various applications. From its origins as a powerful small game hunting cartridge to its popularity in target shooting and varmint control, 22 WMR has established itself as a versatile and reliable choice for shooters. By understanding the cartridge’s specifications, choosing the right ammunition, and practicing safe handling, you can unlock the full potential of 22 WMR and enhance your shooting experience.