Understanding Vietnam Service Medals in the Army
The Vietnam War, a significant chapter in American military history, is marked by a series of medals and awards bestowed upon service members who bravely served during this conflict. Among these, the Vietnam Service Medals hold a special place, recognizing the dedication and sacrifice of those who fought on the battlefield. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the world of Vietnam Service Medals, exploring their history, eligibility criteria, and the various types awarded to Army personnel.
The History of Vietnam Service Medals
The Vietnam Service Medals (VSM) were introduced by the Department of Defense to honor the men and women who served in the Vietnam War. This war, which lasted from 1955 to 1975, was a complex and challenging conflict that involved the United States, South Vietnam, and their allies against North Vietnam and the Viet Cong. The VSMs were designed to acknowledge the sacrifices and contributions made by service members during this tumultuous period.
Eligibility for Vietnam Service Medals
To be eligible for a Vietnam Service Medal, an individual must have met specific criteria. These criteria vary depending on the type of VSM being awarded. In general, the following conditions must be met:
- Service in Vietnam: The individual must have served in Vietnam or its contiguous waters or airspace.
- Date of Service: The service must have occurred during the Vietnam War period, typically between 1964 and 1975.
- Length of Service: The length of service required varies for different VSMs. Some require a minimum of 30 consecutive days, while others may have different criteria.
- Type of Service: The type of service, such as combat or support roles, may also impact eligibility.
Types of Vietnam Service Medals
The Vietnam Service Medals are diverse, each recognizing different aspects of service during the war. Here are some of the notable VSMs awarded to Army personnel:
- Vietnam Service Medal (VSM): This is the primary award for service in Vietnam. It is typically awarded to individuals who served in a combat zone or supported combat operations.
- Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal (RVNC): The RVNC recognizes those who served in the Republic of Vietnam and contributed to its defense.
- Vietnam Campaign Medal (VCM): The VCM is a South Vietnamese award, later recognized by the U.S. military, honoring those who participated in the Vietnam War.
- Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal (AFEM): While not specific to Vietnam, the AFEM was awarded for service in various conflicts, including Vietnam, and recognizes those who served in areas of conflict or hostility.
Award Criteria and Devices
Each Vietnam Service Medal has its own unique award criteria and devices. These devices, such as service stars, campaign clasps, or campaign stars, are used to denote additional achievements or specific campaigns. For example:
- Service Stars: These are bronze or silver stars attached to the VSM ribbon. Each star represents a campaign or period of service.
- Campaign Clasps: Clasps, such as the “Defense” or “Counteroffensive,” are added to the medal to indicate participation in specific campaigns.
- Campaign Stars: Similar to service stars, campaign stars are used to recognize multiple campaigns or periods of service.
How to Obtain Vietnam Service Medals
If you believe you are eligible for a Vietnam Service Medal, you can take the following steps to obtain it:
- Review Eligibility Criteria: Ensure that you meet the basic eligibility requirements, including service in Vietnam and the appropriate date and length of service.
- Contact Military Records Office: Reach out to your branch’s military records office or personnel center. They can guide you through the process of requesting your medal.
- Provide Supporting Documentation: You may need to provide documentation, such as military records or orders, to prove your eligibility.
- Wait for Processing: The processing time can vary, but once your eligibility is confirmed, your medal will be issued.
Displaying and Wearing Vietnam Service Medals
Vietnam Service Medals are an honorable distinction and can be proudly displayed or worn on military uniforms. Here are some guidelines:
- Display on Uniforms: VSMs are typically worn on the left chest, below any medals of valor or awards for heroism.
- Order of Precedence: The order of medals worn on a uniform is determined by the type of award and the date it was issued. Refer to your branch’s regulations for the correct order.
- Display on Racks or Frames: If not worn on a uniform, VSMs can be displayed on racks or frames, often alongside other military awards and decorations.
Preserving the Legacy of Vietnam Veterans
The Vietnam War and the service medals associated with it are a significant part of American military history. These medals serve as a reminder of the sacrifices made by those who served and a way to honor their dedication. It is essential to preserve the legacy of Vietnam veterans and ensure that their contributions are recognized and remembered.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Vietnam Service Medals are a testament to the bravery and commitment of Army personnel who served during the Vietnam War. These medals, with their unique criteria and devices, honor the diverse roles and contributions made by service members. By understanding the history, eligibility, and types of VSMs, we can appreciate the significance of these awards and the individuals who earned them.
What is the significance of Vietnam Service Medals?
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Vietnam Service Medals hold great significance as they recognize the sacrifices and contributions of service members during the Vietnam War. These medals serve as a tangible reminder of the bravery and dedication of those who served, ensuring their legacy is preserved and honored.
Can Vietnam Service Medals be earned by non-combat personnel?
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Yes, while combat service is often associated with Vietnam Service Medals, non-combat personnel who met the eligibility criteria can also earn these awards. The VSMs recognize various roles, including support and administrative duties, performed during the war.
How can I verify my eligibility for a Vietnam Service Medal?
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To verify your eligibility, you can contact your branch’s military records office or personnel center. They can guide you through the process and help you gather the necessary documentation to support your claim.
Are there any specific campaigns recognized by Vietnam Service Medals?
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Yes, Vietnam Service Medals often come with campaign clasps or stars that recognize specific campaigns or periods of service. These devices are used to denote participation in significant operations during the Vietnam War.
Can Vietnam Service Medals be awarded posthumously?
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Yes, Vietnam Service Medals can be awarded posthumously to honor the service and sacrifice of those who passed away while serving in Vietnam. The medal serves as a lasting tribute to their memory and dedication.
